I agree with going to a butcher rather than the supermarket. Apart from the social aspect - which I'm big on - of supporting your local tradesmen instead of the big Bell factories from where all supermarket meat comes from, you'll also tend to get much better quality as it has been kept better and won't have been vacuum packed (which draws the blood back inside the meat) or flushed with nitrogen gas for freshness. Not that there is much wrong with either technique, it just won't taste or eat quite as nicely. The local butcher will also be happy you tried your bad German in his shop and will remember you!
In terms of cuts here....I don't personally think that the Swiss beef is great eg Simmenthal, so I tend to get Angus when they have it, although pricey as imported.
Veal (kalb) tends to be good - although ununsual for some of us ex-pats who don't eat it at home. Escalope can be fried quickly and will be pretty low risk.
Lamb (lamm) I also think is good here - try rack for tasty "lollipops" which you grill or griddle. For slower cooking, try lamm gigot which will be tied and ready to pop in the oven on a low temperature, or something like a pot roast.
Most butchers here do good sausages too - Kalbswurst is veal sausage which is quite a fine texture usually, Schweinswurst will be something meatier. The other treat from the butcher if you are offally inclined as I am is liver - veal liver (Kalbsleber) here is excellent and will only be sold if very fresh and usually comes pre-sliced. Slow cooked onion until brown and sweet, then very fast fried liver.......spoon of mustard, splash of red wine vinegar, sprinkle of fresh parsley....heaven