I'm not sure where GBer got his info, but its *very important* that you separate the process for people who are on EU/UK passports, from the rest of us Non-EU.
For Non-EU you can read through this thread:
Non-EU Permits - a few bullet points.
It takes up to 3 months from the time that the employer puts in the application, to approval. If it's rejected that will probably happen sooner.
In 2008 there was a 'crisis' with a lack of quota permits, but I don't believe this has happened in 2011. So the issue is not whether there are quota places left, but simply if your employer can convince the authorities that you fit their requirements and they can't find anyone in the EU to do the job ahead of you...
Whether you get a B permit depends on whether you have a very high level job or not - more likely you will get an L for the first two years, and if your employer continues to demonstrate that they cannot find someone in the EU to do your job after that two year period, then the authorities will convert your permit to a B.
There are a million opinions and false pieces of information that people put on the internet (EF included) so please do go back and read everything that we have in our 'stickies' because that's your best info, and from there you can link to the official info from the swiss consulate general.
The general process is:
1. Apply for job
2. Be offered job
3. Sign contract, provide employer with requested documentation
4. Employer prepares application to authorities for work permit.
5. Employer *submits* application.
6. Up to 12 week wait between the date of submission, and approval.
7. Employer is notified that permission has been granted.
* simultaneously, the information is transmitted electronically from the migration authorities to the consulate general nominated in the work permit form, usually the one in your home country. In the USA there are several, and there's a specific list of which one you use depending on your state of residence.
8. Employer tells you that your work permit has been approved...if the employer doesn't tell you, the consulate general is supposed to track you down using the info in your work permit application and let you know it's been approved. It's quicker if you make friendly contact with the consulate general, tell them you have a work permission in progress, and give them your email, mobile phone, home details, and tell them to please contact you as soon as the permission is granted. Be friendly!
9. You fill out a 'D permit' form provided by the consulate general (available online) and make an appointment with the consulate genera to submit your form (usually quicker in person, although some will do it all by post).
10. They issue an entry visa with a 3 month window. You must enter Switzerland within the 3 month window.
11. Arrive in Switzerland, and register with the Gemeinde within 8 days. Fill out more forms, provide ID, provide an address where your official paperwork can be sent. The gemeinde makes an appointment at the immigration authority to take your photograph, fingerprints and signature electronically.
12. ID card arrives within a few weeks (we were told 4 but my husbands arrived in 1, rest of family in 2 weeks from submission). The ID card shows your status and whether you have an L or B, with work permission.
That's about it.
I recommend you specifically ask your employer the date when the application was submitted to the authorities. Also, if you have dependents, make sure theirs was submitted the same day, or if not, how far behind, because that is when the '12 week wait' begins...